mx. Give it a shot. El Cid. El Cid is a 1961 epic historical drama film directed by Anthony Mann and produced by Samuel Bronston. El Cid. EL CID - TOTAL movie [16X9] with Charlton Heston & Sophia LorenBy request, we enhanced for full screen HD viewing pleasure. FREE international delivery. EL CID is among the top 10 greatest symphonic film scores ever composed (along with Jerome Moross' THE BIG COUNTRY, Alex North's CLEOPATRA, Elmer Bernstein's HAWAII, Maurice Jarre's LAWRENCE OF ARABIA, Jerry Goldsmith's THE SAND PEBBLES, Alfred Newman's HOW THE WEST WAS WON, Franz Waxman's. The Crossword Solver finds answers to classic crosswords and cryptic crossword puzzles. . 2 Disclaimer. El Cid: Directed by Anthony Mann. 16+. El Cid (1961) remains one of Miklós Rózsa’s most revered scores, written in the glorious orchestral style he employed on other historical epics like Knights of the Round Table and Ben-Hur. TV series about the Vikings. “Promises and Temptations”: July 15, 2021. 5. Sophia Loren. The footnote to which Rushdie refers is keyed to lines 37–39 of the first canto: ‘Aguijó Mio Cid, a la puerta se llegava,/ sacó el pie del estribera, una ferídal dava;/ non se abre la puerta, ca bien era cerrada’ (‘The Cid spurred his horse, rode up to the door and, drawing his foot from the stirrup, gave it a kick, but the door did. a. Value 4. El Cid (1961) cast and crew credits, including actors, actresses, directors, writers and more. This is the real deal. TV Shows. Theater mode. Director: Anthony Mann. 1. Audience Score. Tweet. The beginning of the 1961 movie "El Sid" starring Charlton Heston and Sophia Loren contains an effective depiction of Islamic fascism as it existed in the 11. 5. He was born Rodrigo (or Ruy) Díaz de Vivar. 4. Rodrigo pulled him from the bog, clothed him in his cloak, housed him in a barn, and went to get him some food. 11世紀後半のレコンキスタで活躍したカスティーリャ王国の貴族エル・シドことロドリーゴ・ディアス・デ・ビバール. Report. 0IMDB. Apart from the hyped The Mandalorian season 2 finale, streaming. I promise! You must-- You. Air date: Jul 15, 2021. . El Cid (1961) - full transcript. To say that El Cid is the most intelligent of the elephantine epics of the early '60s is to damn it with faint praise. Amazon Prime Video is adding another action-packed drama to its growing selection with The Legend of El Cid, a series telling the story of. Published: Wednesday, 2 December 2020 at 11:46 am. Menu. Film based on the homonymous poem and other documents from the epoque. Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar (about 1043 – 1099 AD ), known as El Cid, was a Castilian nobleman. From the label's name to the superior digital transfer and the overall high quality of its product, The Miriam Collection is obviously trying to. Clunky and cheesy at times, El Cid overcomes those weaknesses with spectacular cinematography, an unforgettable film score, sumptuous costumes and a cast of thousands. The Legend of El Cid is a gutsy, and powerfully epic depiction of the legendary El Cid, a hero torn between two worlds, as masterfully told by directors: Castillo, Cuevas & Martínez-Perez. Cid. The story takes place in the eleventh century, one of the most. Driving to the heart of its drama, in an early episode one flash-forward, Llorente’s 20-year-old El Cid, a page to Leon’s Prince Sancho, walks past weary soldiers after. k. Click the answer to find similar crossword clues . El Cid! I am in exile! Without you, we are all in exile. And like all prequels, it threatens to seriously undermine the film that chronologically follows it. 2 3h 1961. Foto: Cordon Press. You need multi-region PAL/NTSC DVD player to view it in USA/Canada: LANGUAGES: English ( Dolby Digital 5. El Cid tells the story of Spain's most famous hero, Rodrigo Diaz de Vivar (Charlton Heston, in one of his best performances), who in the eleventh century transformed himself from. 23, 2020, 10:00 a. From 55 seconds to 3'25'' music (the overture) from El Cid Soundtrack was also added (music by Miklo. El Cid is a Spanish historical action drama streaming television series about Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar "El Cid", the 11th-century Castilian knight and warlord. In Australia, it is currently more popular than Smiley Face but less popular than Dr. The Spaniards a the time, and now, called him El Campeador (an idiom for master of battlefield). Quality: HD. This review of El Cid (1961) was written by Paul C on 21 June 2009. a. to is a brand-new, completely free video-streaming website. l. Stream ad-free or purchase CD's and MP3s now on Amazon. At that time Martin Scorsese declared El Cid to be "one the greatest epic films of all time. The disputes between them will turn the Iberian Peninsula into a battlefield. [30 Aug 1993] Read MoreEl Cid is a fast-action color-rich, corpse-strewn, battle picture. Watch El Cid 1961 in full HD online, free El Cid streaming with English subtitleEl Cid (movie, 1961) El Cid. Select the department you want to search inThe Crossword Solver found 30 answers to "Star of "El Cid", 6 letters crossword clue. com. . It is a war-torn, unhappy land. Performed by Chorus. And the recreation of the Panteon de los Reyes is NOT accurate and off by at least 250 years. ĐỘi ĐẶc nhiỆm cid tẬp 515 - nhiỆm vỤ cỦa mỘt nhÂn viÊn cid - nhỮng ngÀy giỮa ĐẢo hoang cỦa cid phẦn 01 - 02/10/2020 NGÔI SAO KHOAI TÂY TV 3:41Website. Storyline: El Cid (1961) Epic film of the legendary Spanish hero, Rodrigo Diaz ("El Cid" to his followers), who, without compromising his strict sense of honour, still succeeds in taking the initiative and driving the Moors from Spain. # Tags: 2023 Movies Charlton Heston Sophia Loren Raf Vallone Geneviève Page. El Cid : I tried not to come. 0 miles from Griffith Observatory. The disputes between them will turn the Iberian Peninsula into a battlefield. 5. Rózsa’s music for the legend of Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar is endlessly thematic: the score’s closely knit ideas are reverent toward the titular hero. The film is heavily based off the 1637 stage play Le Cid by Pierre Corneille. plus-circle Add Review. Movies about space. Cheap Blu-ray movies and deals. Over 9000 free streaming movies, documentaries and TV shows on YesMovies. Spain is overrun by the Moors and the country's only hope rests in a heroic knight known as El Cid. a. ⨁. 『エル・シド』（原題：El Cid）は、1961年制作のイタリア・アメリカ合衆国合作の歴史映画。アンソニー・マン監督。 チャールトン・ヘストン、ソフィア・ローレン出演。. " El Cid is one of the greatest epic films ever made. Miklos Rozsa composed the soundtrack. Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar. Creators Luis. ET The Legend Of El Cid | Official Trailer | Prime Video Watch on The legend of El Cid, a Castilian knight who is a war hero in medieval Spain,. To find out more about a. 0 ), Spanish ( Dolby Digital 2. About El Cid: The Legend. 5 years ago. Drama, Action & Adventure. The. Movies may observe using the usage of the types online with international locations or keeping with the style of the film. . A 11th-century hero who fought to unite Spain, the film follows El Cid's remarkable journey from peace-broker accused of treason to the King's fighting champion. Temporarily out of stock. Get 10% off (save up to $47!) your own authentic Japanese snack box from Bokksu using my link: and code PEOPLEPROFILES10For early acce. El Cid is the story of legendary Rodrigo Diaz who lifted his country with valour and integrity to drive the Moorish invaders from Spain. Not many filmmakers. Early life. There is quite a bit of violence in the form of massive battles and one on one. Starring: Jaime Lorente, Alicia Sanz, Francisco Ortiz, et al. In a sense, El Cid is the frothing crest of a wave that is poised on the verge of an. He knows a divided Spain cannot stand and implores his countrymen. Menu. . Miklos Rozsa composed the soundtrack. How to watch on Roku El Cid. Ms. 29 (11 used & new offers) VHS Tape. Castillo, Adolfo Martínez Pérez, et al. 2. Composed and Conducted by Miklós Rózsa, performed by the Graunke Symphony Orchestra. Often he went on adventures with his best friend Sancho and often visited his beloved one Jimena, the daughter of the count of Gormaz. Rodrigo Díaz’s father, Diego Laínez, was a member of the minor nobility (infanzones) of Castile. Born during a tumultuous. Published Dec. El Cid is a Spanish historical action drama streaming television series about Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar "El Cid", the 11th-century Castilian knight and warlord. Neben „El Cid“ fällt mir da spontan noch „55 Tage in Peking“ ein, wo ebenfalls HESTON die Hauptrolle spielt. Criterion released a pricey laserdisc in the. I once owned the original movie soundtrack from 1961, conducted by Rozsa himself, where certain segments of his score—unlike this more recent. IMDb: 7. Temporarily out of stock. 5 out of 5 stars 564. Buy El Cid tickets and view showtimes at a theater near you. Genres: Comedy, Drama. The Legend of El Cid -. m. Streaming, rent, or buy El Cid – Season 2: Currently you are able to watch "El Cid - Season 2" streaming on Amazon Prime Video. Q&A Asked about El Cid1. Acerca de Amazon Prime Video Una plataforma de streaming especializada. Fletcher (2003) describes him as the “most famous Spaniard of all time” (72). 1043, Vivar, near Burgos, Castile—died July 10, 1099, Valencia), Castilian military leader and national hero. half Christian, half Moor. It is a popular poem handed down from generation to generation and being changed in the process. It is a feature-length film with a runtime of 1h 30min. Cinema has the potential to generate its own myths and to conferEl Cid cast list, listed alphabetically with photos when available. You kill it! Tell me you don't love me. 79 Metascore. a. With all its colors and visuals returned to their original splendor, the current re-release of the 1961 "El Cid," (Cinerama Dome, Mann's Festival) is the kind of super-spectacle they don't make. EL CID. El Cid – Epic film of the legendary Spanish hero, Rodrigo Diaz (“El Cid” to his followers), who, without compromising his strict sense of honour, still succeeds in taking the initiative and driving the Moors from Spain. With Charlton Heston, Sophia Loren, Raf Vallone, Geneviève Page. Epic biography of the legendary Spanish folk hero. Based on a true story, it tells of the deeds of the Castilian hero Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar—known as El Cid—and takes place during the. Bronston's El Cid. What is the Canadian French language plot outline for El Cid (1961)? Answer. EL CID was both a critical and commercial success perfectly encapsulating the idealism of the President Kennedy era in this tale of a chivalrous knight who risks his wife, his position in society and his loyalty to his king by putting his greater loyalty to his country above all else. Streaming charts last updated: 5:11:01 PM, 11/18/2023. How much did Loren get paid for El Cid? Loren was paid $200,000 for ten weeks’ work; producer Samuel Bronston also agreed to pay $200 a week for her hairdresser. The Falcon and the Dove (uncredited) Lyrics by Paul Francis Webster. So a sequel is going to be best course of action. The Sword of El Cid: Directed by Miguel Iglesias. Scorsese. Movie Review: El Cid (1961) A historical epic about a legendary Spanish leader, El Cid is a grand spectacle but leans towards quantity over quality. Rózsa’s music for the legend of Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar is endlessly thematic: the score’s closely knit ideas are reverent toward the titular hero, fiercely. La producción, no esta basada 100% en el cantar del Mio Cid, pero, es aceptable la trama y el desarrollo de la misma. It does, however, take some liberties with history, and some details are taken from two literary sources, the Spanish epic poem "El Cantar de Mio Cid" and Pierre Corneille's play "Le Cid". Watchlist. to breaks this mold by providing a more polished and professional movie streaming service. Epic movie of the legendary Spanish hero, Rodrigo Diaz de Bivar (Charlton Heston) ("El Cid" to his followers), who, without compromising his strict sense of honor, still succeeds in taking the initiative and driving the Moors from Spain. . Hearing Rozsa’s entire score as performed by the New Zealand Symphony Orchestra conducted by James Sedares is a joy. El Cid (The Remastered Version) IMPORT PLAYS IN ENGLISH The fabled Spanish hero Rodrigo Diaz (a. 182 minutes. Helpful. n. to is ranked #2 041 with 23 515 619 points. Yesmovies is the best site to watch movies and TV shows online for free. He was an adventurous, opportunistic and pragmatic warrior who was adept at navigating the often hazy frontier separating Christian and Islamic Spain. The series explores Ruy’s younger years when he becomes a faithful vassal, knight and hero for the crown. Movies about parkour. Enter the length or pattern for better results. El Cid: The Legend Overview. Format: CD (182 min) Epic Hollywood: The Music of Miklos Rozsa Tadlow Music (TADLOW 021) Released: February 15, 2016. —Stewart M. EL CID was both a critical and commercial success perfectly encapsulating the idealism of the President Kennedy era in this tale of a chivalrous knight who risks his wife, his position in society and his loyalty to his king by putting his greater loyalty to his country above all else. A 11th-century hero who fought to unite Spain, the film follows El Cid's remarkable journey from peace-broker accused of treason to the King's fighting champion. Cinafilm IP, Office 12693, PO Box 15113, Birmingham, West Midlands, B2 2NJ, United Kingdom. Vigorously brave and resourceful, the noble knight hates bloodshed and faces treason charges at court for the clemency shown to some emirs. Ordonez: Raf Vallone. El Cid, a medieval Spanish epic poem, narrates the remarkable life and exploits of Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar, renowned as El Cid. Cinafilm IP, Office 12693, PO Box 15113, Birmingham, West Midlands, B2 2NJ, United Kingdom. Mein Fazit: Nicht alle Monumentalfilme haben das Zeug zum Klassiker, für mich ist „El Cid“ einer davon. Yeah it’s a great movie. Watch series online. El Cid taking a arrow to the heart in a previous battle, demands that he rides out the n. El Cid is Not Rated. Watch El Cid 1961 full Movie free, download el cid 1961. He has a seductive but duplicitous lover Chimene. El Cid is a 1961 epic historical drama film directed by Anthony Mann and produced by Samuel Bronston. Manténgase al día con nosotros. Follow. 4. After Sancha's death, the war between the three brothers is imminent; Sancho sets out to attack Galicia; Ruy struggles with the passion between him and Amina, and the pain. 4 2,484 ratings. At the Warner Theatre, Broadway and Forty. 2011. El Cid - É um filme épico de 1961 que conta a história romanceada da vida do cristão e maior herói do Reino de Castela o cavaleiro Don Rodrigo Díaz de Bivar. The film stars Charlton Heston in the title role and Sophia Loren as Doña Jimena, spelled "Chimene" in the script and pronounced that way. Read more. 2 hr 51 mins. To say that El Cid is the most intelligent of the elephantine epics of the early '60s is to damn it with faint praise. There, they built a minaret of 2,400 Spanish heads, whence they called the faithful to prayer. Anthony Mann's stirring spectacle, with Charlton Heston as Spain's hero, whose armies defeated the Moors in the. 10, 1993Esta es una excelente opción. The Legend of El Cid - Season 1. Photograph: Moviestore Collection/Rex Features. Original Filmscore By The City of Prague Philharmonic Orchestra and Chorus, Conducted By Nic Raine,Composed By Miklos RozsaCountry: Spain. EL CID - TOTAL movie [16X9] with Charlton Heston & Sophia LorenBy request, we enhanced for full screen HD viewing pleasure. The Santa Clause 3: The Escape Clause. Born during a tumultuous. . See more gaps; Learn more about contributing;El Cid, age 56, died from the famine caused by the siege. 4. It is based on the story of Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar, also known as El Cid. 1. Yesmovies is completely free to use as users are not. #ElCid llega el 18 de diciembre a Amazon Prime Video. Share. Review by Tameca C. You can view additional information about each El Cid actor on this list, such as when and where they were born. Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar ( c. Presentador 1 episode, 2020 María Ramos Mouhoub. The fabled Spanish hero Rodrigo Diaz de Vivar (a. It has a mediocre rating on IMDb: 5. We let you watch movies online without having to register or paying, with over 10000 movies and TV-Series. With distinguished knights-in-shining-armor, tense swordfights, illustrious battles, damsels in distress, evil kings, calculating queens, and soaring music, “El Cid” encompasses everything audiences could hope for in a rousing. Other mistake: After the Cid dies and is propped up on his horse to try to fool the enemy into thinking that he still lives, he leads his army out of the fortress and attacks the offenders. Released December 14th, 1961, 'El Cid' stars Charlton Heston, Sophia Loren, Raf Vallone, Geneviève Page The NR movie has a runtime of about 3 hr 2 min, and received a user score of 69 (out of 100. El Cid, no murió por una flecha. Coming hot on the heels of Spartacus’ runaway success, El Cid bullishly shouldered its way towards the top of this swaggering and bombastic genre of filmmaking. You can check the complete list of El Cid episodes and their scheduled date release here below. As Matthew Bailey reminds us, this is typical of all retellings of epic legends: “The most important quality of a hero is not conformity to strict historical. Alfonso: John Fraser. The Kings and Generals animated historical documentary series continues with a video on the biography of Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar - El Cid, a Spanish knight, wh. “Oh I get it; you’ve been training for two years to take me down and now here. But I will make myself worthy of you Rodrigo, I will learn to hate you. The screenplay is. El Cid) overcomes a family vendetta and court intrigue to defend Christian Spain against the Moors. 2008. In this documentary we will discover his character as a military leader, a mercenary or a undefeated hero in hundred battles, but also as the man, with his virtues but also with. With Charlton Heston, Sophia Loren, Raf Vallone, Geneviève Page. El Cid (DVD) - BY GOLDEN CLASSIC COLLECTIBLES. Watch with Prime. Sophia Loren, at the height of her beauty, makes an incomparable wife to the legendary hero. Pandemic. . With Chantal Deberg, Roland Carey, Sandro Moretti, Daniela Bianchi. Original Motion Picture Soundtrack (1961). Jimena: [long pause] I cannot. Release Calendar Top 250 Movies Most Popular Movies Browse Movies by Genre Top Box Office Showtimes & Tickets Movie News India Movie Spotlight. Epic film of the legendary Spanish hero, Rodrigo Diaz ("El Cid" to his followers), who, without compromising his strict sense of honour, still succeeds in taking the initiative and driving the Moors from Spain. Therefore, it can be one of the most worth-recommended YesMovies alternatives. In the United Kingdom, it is. k. However, their. Back to movie details. Ruy is reticent. This famous film is a great example of how religion screws everything up. El Cid 1961 Action / Adventure / Biography / Drama / History / Romance / War. Directed by Anthony Mann, the movie portrays the life of the Spanish hero, El Cid Campeador, who fought for his country and people in the 11th century. " I think he was spot on. The Legend of El Cid - Season 1. La historia recordará su nombre. Yesmovies. Charlton Heston El Cid (Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar) Sophia Loren Jimena. 1-16 of 57 results for "el cid" Results. Díaz's girlfriend, Jimena (Sophia Loren), is upset with him for killing her father. Charlton Heston and Sophia Loren in El Cid (1961). . And thus the cid rode out of the gates of history into legend. Release Calendar Top 250 Movies Most Popular Movies Browse Movies by Genre Top Box Office Showtimes & Tickets Movie News India Movie Spotlight. Watch movies online free. a. He has a seductive but duplicitous lover Chimene. His happiness did not last forever, after the death of the King Fernando, Rodrigo is seen wrapped. El Cid (1961) Movie Reviews. Is El Cid (1961) streaming on Netflix, Disney+, Hulu, Amazon Prime Video, HBO Max, Peacock, or 50+ other streaming services? Find out where you can buy, rent, or. . 8 FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions) related to Yesmovies. Based on Tim Realbuto's critically acclaimed Off-Broadway play, YES tells the story of washed up child star Patrick Nolan who decides to mentor 17-year-old Jeremiah Rosenhaft. Rodrigo's life as a child was a noble and happy one, he entered school at a young age. El Cid) overcomes a family vendetta and court intrigue to defend Christian Spain against the Moors. English Language: tt0054847 IMDB Code: 1961 Released:مشاهدة مسلسل El Cid مترجم موسم 1. Epic movie of the legendary Spanish hero, Rodrigo Diaz de Bivar (Charlton Heston) ("El Cid" to his followers), who, without compromising his strict sense of honor, still succeeds in taking the initiative and driving the Moors from Spain. Watch. El Cid is a 1961 epic historical drama film directed by Anthony Mann and produced by Samuel Bronston. See the full list of El Cid cast and crew including actors, directors, producers and more. It's certainly well-made and well-intended, but "El Cid" is a long exercise in how to not make an epic movie. Sancho is his king, though, so Ruy relents. While its often hard to separate fact from fiction, the reality of his life was rather more complex. Known as El Cid, or “the master,” Rodrigo today is legendary for his exploits during the Reconquista, the long campaign by Christian armies to take Spain back from the Muslim forces that first swept over Iberia in the eighth century. a. 2003, Adventure/Animation, 1h 22m. . He was born Rodrigo (or Ruy) Díaz de Vivar. Movies about piranhas. El Cid is a Spanish historical action drama streaming television series about Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar "El Cid", the 11th-century Castilian knight and warlord. Released: 1961-10-24. I love this story about a man who led in such a way that his life was his message. Audience Score 250+ Ratings. What to Watch - In theaters & streaming. Check out El Cid (1961 Film Score) by MGM Symphony Orchestra, Miklos Rozsa (conductor) on Amazon Music. Verified Purchase. Charleton Heston and Sophia Loren with some epic action scenes. Ublock Origin Link:Link:You don'. Coming hot on the heels of Spartacus’ runaway success, El Cid. The 11th-century defender (Charlton Heston) of Christianity woos a knight's daughter (Sophia Loren) and drives Moors out of Spain. But it was the fiery Italian screen siren who sued the producers when the film was released. El Cid (1045–July 10, 1099), whose birth name was Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar (or Bibar), is a Spanish national hero, a mercenary soldier who fought for the Spanish king Alfonso VII to liberate parts of Spain from the Almoravid dynasty and eventually captured the Muslim caliphate of Valencia and ruled his own kingdom. Recibe las últimas ofertas entregado a. 4 stars out of 10. 1. Although it is a bit long, "El Cid" is is definitely worth the viewing. Sancho quickly recruits a weary and wary Ruy to rally the troops. About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright. Cast & Crew. His. It is a loose adaptation of the stories around Don Rodrigo Diaz de Vivar, a. Exiled from the court, El Cid went on to command a Moorish force. Not yet. يحكي المسلسل قصة رودريغو دياث دي بيبار المعروف في المصادر القشتالية القديمة باسم (El Campeador) والتي تعني «سيد ميدان المعارك»، هو قائد عسكري ونبيل ثم أمير حرب قشتالي. The Lay of the Cid. Clunky and cheesy at times, El Cid overcomes those weaknesses with spectacular cinematography, an unforgettable film score, sumptuous costumes and a cast of thousands. 35:1), SPECIAL FEATURES: Commentary, Interactive Menu, Scene Access,. High School Musical 3: Senior Year. El Cid. El Cid) overcomes a family vendetta and court intrigue to defend Christian Spain against the Moors. Anthony Mann. Enter the length or pattern for better results. Number Of Episode: 5. 6. Enter a Crossword Clue. Reviews There are no reviews. Streaming charts last updated: 21:14:47, 14/11/2023. A Hero Divided. Movies Blu-ray 4K 3D DVD Digital MA iTunes Prime Games People Forum"El Cid" is the story of the 11th century Castilian knight Don Rodrigo Díaz de Bivar, known as El Cid from the Arabic word for "Lord". Amazon’s El Cid recasts its hero in a political and social world that is based in the history of eleventh-century Iberia, but also resonates with contemporary concerns. Browse 104 el cid (1961 movie) photos and images available, or start a new search to explore more photos and images. EL CID was both a critical and commercial success perfectly encapsulating the idealism of the President Kennedy era in this tale of a chivalrous knight who risks his wife, his position in society and his loyalty to his king by putting his greater loyalty to his country above all else. Otto is a grump whos given up on life following the loss of his wife and wants to end it all. El Cid, American-Italian epic film, released in 1961, that told the story of the 11th-century Spanish hero. Suggest an edit or add missing content. Spy. Watch series online. El Cid (1961) Charlton Heston (Actor), Sophia Loren (Actor), Anthony Mann (Director) Rated: NR. In the traditional literature, for example, the Cid is an old man when he dies, having well before taken revenge on his sons in law for mistreating his daughters and seeing them with higher ranking second husbands.